Category Archives: Science

History Science

We’re all newcomers in Britain

Catching up with the reading, I learn that all Britons are newcomers. All previous colonising attempts having ended in failure, it was only a group of people who arrived a mere 12,000 years ago (or later) from whom the population that entered history were drawn.

This marks the final report of the five-year Ancient Human Occupation of Britain, on which I’ve previously reported. The oldest evidence of a human species comes from 700,000 years ago,

“It looks like there were eight separate colonisation attempts we can record and seven of those were unsuccessful,” said Prof Stringer, speaking yesterday at the British Association Festival of Science in Norwich. “Britain was re-populated over and over again. This is a very young continuous occupation we’re seeing here.”
Each unsuccessful population died out or was forced to retreat due to an adverse change in climate. “Britain has suffered some of the most severe climate changes of any area of the world during the ice ages,” said Prof Stringer. “At this time Britain was on the edge of the inhabited world, at the edge of human occupation and human capabilities.”

Kind of makes you wonder about what it might be like in a couple of hundred years, with all the coming turbulence of the world climate…

History Science

Easter Island – blame the rats

A fascinating piece of revisionist history of Easter Island, which says Jared Diamond was wrong that the problem was humans cutting down trees. Instead it was the rats that the humans brought who stopped the trees from reproducing. Still humans to blame in the end though…

Also a very interesting description of the achaeological (scientific) method working as it should work. (At least in the way the narrative is told.)

Environmental politics Science

Good news on the environment

Yes, a rare thing, but it appears that the efforts to stop the disappearance of ozone over Antartica – primarily through the abolition of the use of CFCs – are working.

Two decades after research began, the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) said the level of ozone-depleting gases was decreasing and it seemed the hole over the Antarctic had been stabilised….Continued CFC emissions, together with climate change, could slow down the recovery of the ozone layer, but both scientists said they were “optimistic” it would one day return to previous levels. “It will not be until the middle of the century though,” said Dr Solomon.

I can remember in Australia at the time this was discovered (in the late 1980s) there was considerable fear – we already had (and still have) a very high rate of skin cancer, and this was going to greatly increase the danger if the hole was allowed to keep growing.

Great to know that the human race as a whole can respond collectively to threats to the environment. Now if only we could get the same level of urgency about global warming…

Science

Q. Why did the dormice cross the road?

A. For luuvvv, of course.

Seen in publications everywhere, the dormouse tunnel of love, designed to link two isolated colonies and so prevent inbreeding.

Hard to believe it will work, but hopefully the experts know what they are doing. And the dormice.

Science

What will they call the baby mammoth?

You can feel a sense of the inevitable sneaking along: first they were talking about cloning a mammoth, now it is reckoned that mammoth sperm might have survived in the permafrost. (Which is of course all melting, thus exposing all of these ancient carcasses. But where will the mammoths live if there are no glaciers left?)

Feminism Science

Brain sex?

A quite balanced piece in the Economist about the differences between the brains of men and women.

There are a number of problems with these studies. One, according to Dr Hines, is science’s bias towards reporting positive results, so that research which shows no differences is likely to get lost. Another is that because differences between the sexes are so often popularised and played up in the popular media, people tend to pay them disproportionate attention.
For example, although it is commonly held that there are reliable differences between the verbal abilities of males and females, Dr Hines suggests this is not exactly correct. She says that the results of hundreds of tests of vocabulary and reading comprehension show there is almost no gap between the sexes. Though teenage girls are better at spelling than teenage boys, the only aspect of verbal ability that is known to show a sex difference in adults is verbal fluency (the ability to produce words rapidly). For example, when asked to list as many words as possible that start with a particular letter, women usually come up with more than men. Furthermore, even when there are differences in ability between the sexes, research suggests that the scale of these differences is often smaller than people generally believe.

I still think it underplays the cultural factors however. Last week after a friend had a baby I went out to buy a congratulatory card. I couldn’t find one, NOT ONE, specifically “congratulations on your new baby” card that wasn’t either definitely pink or blue. So in the end I choose a nice gender-neutral picture of a puppy, a card meant for any general purpose.