Category Archives: Science

Environmental politics Science

Water for whom, or what…

One of those “only in America” stories – “Americans will spend $22bn (£11.9bn) on luxury bathrooms this year“. It is, says one designer, “a mini-living room now”. Except in most living rooms there’s not lots of water being used, water heated usually by non-renewable energy sources.

It fits rather neatly with another story from the Guardian today – a third of the world’s species of amphibians are threatened:

Fifty of the world’s leading conservation experts are calling for an urgent rescue mission to save frogs, newts and other amphibians from extinction. They believe fast action is needed to save the planet’s 5,743 amphibian species after research showing that 32.5% are threatened. Up to 122 amphibian species have become extinct since 1980.

Not a perfect equation, but less water, and money, on bathrooms, and more in natural environments, certainly couldn’t hurt.

Environmental politics Science

No such thing as a free lunch

I’m immediately suspicious about “miracle cures”, so I’m less than enthused by the idea of sequestering all of that excess greenhouse gas we’re producing underground. “Hey, let’s dump the problem and forget about it” – that was the approached used, to disastrous, expensive, effect, with chemical weapons from World War I, and by far too many industries since then.

So I’m not surprised by a nasty surprise for those testing out the idea of “burying” carbon dioxide:

It’s staying where they put it, but it’s chewing up minerals. The reactions have produced a nasty mix of metals and organic substances in a layer of sandstone 1550 meters down, researchers report this week in Geology. At the same time, the CO2 is dissolving a surprising amount of the mineral that helps keep the gas where it’s put. Nothing is leaking out so far, but the phenomenon will need a closer look before such carbon sequestration can help ameliorate the greenhouse problem, say the researchers.

Miscellaneous Politics Science

It is a weird, weird world, my mistresses

In Japan, the market for pencils has boomed, all thanks to some 300-year-old haiku: “First pick up your 2B…”

Matsuo Basho, often dubbed the “father of haiku”, is idolised by the Japanese. His works are drummed into every schoolchild, his deft observation of the natural world emulated by millions of haiku enthusiasts.
A publishing company sought recently to exploit that enthusiasm by creating Enpitsu de Oku no Hosomichi (Tracing the Narrow Road to the Deep North with a Pencil) — a book that has tracing paper between each page so that readers too can copy Basho’s poems as a form of meditation.
The book has sold nearly a million copies, and the effect on the pencil market has been explosive. Japanese have been flocking to stationery shops, and pencil sales have soared by about 3.5 million a month.

Then, an 18cm beetle, thought to have been extinct in Britain since the 18th century, has crawled out of a piece of oak. The giant Capricorn beetle’s immediate ancestors were probably imported, but you never know…

Cerambyx cerdo is still found in France and other parts of the Continent, but it is classified as extremely rare across its range.
The body of the adult, which lives for only a few weeks, measures 5cm, but its antennae stretch a further 11cm. These are used by males to detect the pheromone scent emitted by females.
The beetles make a screeching noise by rubbing their legs together to warn off predators and have large, powerful jaws capable of biting through wood. They can give a nasty nip if handled.
The giant capricorn was thought to have died out in Britain when the demand for timber meant that fallen oak trees were cut up and used rather than left to rot. The beetles spend two years as larvae burrowing through wood until they emerge to look for a mate.

And the British police and government deserves to fit in the same category, since they’ve apparently decided that carrying an article from a mainstream magazine, Vanity Fair, in Parliament Square is an illegal act.

Its London editor, Henry Porter, yesterday angrily wrote to the Metropolitan police commissioner, Sir Ian Blair, over an incident in which police appeared to claim that an article in the magazine constituted “politically motivated material”….
Porter, a vocal critic of Tony Blair’s record on civil liberties, who recently took part in a detailed email exchange on the subject with Mr Blair in the Observer, said in his letter that the matter was of serious concern. “The word sedition was not used, but clearly that is the light in which the article was regarded by the Metropolitan police,” he wrote.
Porter, who has the backing of Vanity Fair’s publisher, Graydon Carter, said it was extremely worrying if police could not tell the difference between a mainstream publication and a “terrorist sheet”.

Feminism Politics Science

God made homosexuality

The whole nature/nurture business is a complicated one, and when you start to talk about sexuality only gets more so. As a physiology professor said to me once: “You’d like to think your sexual choices were made at a level higher than the hypothalamus.”

But it seems little doubt to me that there is a biological component to sexuality, as appears to be confirmed by a study showing that the more older brothers a man has, the more likely he is to be gay.

The mechanism by which having older biological brothers affects male sexuality remains unknown, but the most popular theory is that it reflects the way a mother’s immune system reacts to carrying lots of male foetuses.
As males have a Y chromosome and females do not, a mother’s body may be more likely to recognise a male foetus than a female one as foreign and generate a strong immune response.
Other research has shown that this response can strengthen with each subsequent male pregnancy. This may affect the way that the brain develops sexually.

I do like the challenge this presents to the religious sorts: if God made everything, doesn’t this mean he made homosexuality?

But it also makes me think about the problem of trying to adjust your sexuality for your politics. I knew a few woman in my university days who decided “to become lesbians” for feminist political reasons. I respect the argument at an abstract level, but I also saw some hideously exploitative relationships result from it – almost as bad as those resulting from women consciously “just experimenting”.

I’m heterosexual. I don’t know why that is, but that is just the way my sexuality goes, quite strongly. But that makes me realise how horrible are attempts to force those otherwise inclined to conform to some form of social norm.

Feminism Science

Some sensible advice on fertility…

…every woman is different. Annalisa Barbieri in The Guardian today:

So, surely it would be far more useful for everyone if women were taught to read signs of their own fertility. This would attune them with their bodies and help them notice changes, and they could then, in certain cases, get help well in advance of actually wanting to have children. Such insight into your own fertility can be found by charting your monthly period, temperature, cervical fluid and cervix position. Easy, quick and empowering when you know how. It’s not fashionable to do this, but it can help determine if you have a short luteal phase (which may deter successful implantation of a fertilised egg), and can even help you see the menopause coming.

I’ve studied biological science and feminism and yet I’ve never heard of half of that. (Of course the fact that I never have and never will want to get pregnant might have something to do with that, but I doubt this info, which sounds rather important if you might be interested one day, is widely available.)

For those concerned about this issue it might be well worth looking into – you’re not a statistic but an individual body.

And I seem to be in the middle of something of a flood of babies at the moment. I’m 40, and I know a lot of now-pregnant women, most of them broadly around my age. I’m thinking about not drinking the water for a while…

Science

It wasn’t a chicken or an egg, it was a duck

I reported recently that scientists claimed to have found a definitive conclusion to the “chicken or egg” conundrum, but it seems neither was in fact first – it was a duck.

Five beautifully preserved headless fossil skeletons discovered in China suggest modern birds evolved from aquatic duck-like ancestors. The creatures, which shared the planet with dinosaurs 110m years ago, are the oldest modern bird fossils ever found.

The story doesn’t, however, explain where the heads went – so perhaps before the ducks there was a fox?