Category Archives: Science

Science

How to find the ‘love of your life’

Scientists have it all worked out. To form a relationship, you should be running a marathon on a dangerous route (perhaps in a war zone?), while listening to soft rock and eating chocolate, keeping your body posture “open” and gazing into each passing runner’s eyes (which would increase the danger factor).

Of course, alternatively you might end up with a broken leg, indigestion, and sore ears.

OK, it is very open to mockery, but there is undoubtedly some truth in this, and it goes a long way to explain why in politics and the media (which often run on pure adrenalin) most senior people are on their third or later marriage… But no I promise I’m not going to talk about John Prescott. Wouldn’t do that to you; you might be eating.

Science

A true Stumper

After four hours of canvassing (and in some tough areas – really odd how you get brilliant patches that sociologically you’d think wouldn’t be, and vice a versa) it may be my sense of humour has become a bit warped, but I nearly spat my gado-gado all over the screen with laughter just now when I read an email from the Stumpers List.

This is a list primarily for the queries that have librarians stumped, and an internet veteran. I used to subscribe in Bangkok some nine years ago. It doesn’t have the enormous volume it used to have – a side-effect, I suspect of Google – but still comes up with some doozies, like this one:

How many bones are there in a goat?

Now I know I have a highly educated readershup: any answers? (Preferably supported by references…)

Blogging/IT Science

The plastic brain

A piece today in the Guardian about an address to the Lords by Baroness Susan Greenfield expressing far-reaching fears about the effect on the human brain of the digital world.

The brilliance of Baroness Greenfield’s speech is that she wades straight into the dangers posed by this culture. A recent survey of eight-to 18-year-olds, she says, suggests they are spending 6.5 hours a day using electronic media, and multi-tasking (using different devices in parallel) is rocketing. Could this be having an impact on thinking and learning?
She begins by analysing the process of traditional book-reading, which involves following an author through a series of interconnected steps in a logical fashion. We read other narratives and compare them, and so “build up a conceptual framework that enables us to evaluate further journeys… One might argue that this is the basis of education … It is the building up of a personalised conceptual framework, where we can relate incoming information to what we know already. We can place an isolated fact in a context that gives it significance.” Traditional education, she says, enables us to “turn information into knowledge.”

Now this is the comment writer’s version of the speech, but on her account it does seem to be – as one commenter says – an astonishingly Luddite one.
That was the “basis of education” in the 20th-century, but a historically specific one. It was heavily text-based, but that was a function of relatively cheap print, a trend that began in early modern times, when the equivalent of the Susan Greenfields of the time were of course exclaiming about the dreadful effect on the human mind of all this flood of print.

The brain is an astonishingly plastic organ, and no doubt those of children and adolescents are developing different to they were a couple of decades ago. But it is developing in the world as it is now, FOR it is now. Damn good thing too!

But some aspects of the human psyche probably don’t change much. An army major in Australia is commendably trying to save the memory of the men mentally crippled in the trenches of WWI, who suffered just in the ways that veterans of Vietnam and more recent conflicts do.

Madness and the Military: Australia’s Experience of the Great War, by Michael Tyquin, is the first comprehensive study on mental illness in World War I. It shatters the stereotype of the tough Anzac, an icon that he argues Australians look up to today – but which never existed.
Major Tyquin says of the soldiers who were “mentally shattered” by the war – some of whom recovered, though many did not – “I think we’ve erased them from our public memory. We like to celebrate Anzac, and I use ‘celebrate’ now because I think we’re getting away from the original intent.

Feminism Science

Traditional ‘wisdom’ is anything but…

As the victim of an overweight childhood encouraged by the “it is only healthy baby fat”, I was taken by this:

“BREAST-FEEDING mothers have been given potentially harmful advice on infant nutrition for the past 40 years, the World Health Organisation (WHO) has admitted.
Charts used in Britain for decades to advise mothers on a baby’s optimum size have been based on the growth rates of infants fed on formula milk.
… breast-feeding mothers were wrongly told that their babies were underweight and were advised, or felt pressured, to fatten them up by giving them formula milk or extra solids.
Health experts believe the growth charts may have contributed to childhood obesity and associated problems such as diabetes and heart disease in later life.”

Then, wives who work are 50 per cent less likely to see their marriages fall apart.

“Wives’ economic activity… contributes to the continuing resilience of marriage as a social institution,” the study concludes.
…Separate new research on single dads has challenged the accepted wisdom that a woman is always the best partner to bring up the children, with growing numbers of new men becoming self-sufficient fathers.”

Politics Science

Little reassurance in rape “cautions”

More emerges on yesterday’s story about offenders being cautioned for rape, none of it reassuring:

RAPISTS who are cautioned are being put on the sex offenders register for a maximum of two years after the Government relaxed registration rules three years ago.
Young rapists go on the register for only a year from the date on which they are cautioned after admitting the sex attack, The Times has learnt. Yet a rapist convicted in the courts and given a jail term of 2½ years is on the register for the rest of his life.

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The NHS might be bad at managing dying, but, perhaps unsurprisingly, the private sector nursing homes are even worse. This is something as a society we really, really have to get better at.
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And I won’t give away the ending, but if you want to hear a detailed tale of the death of a mammoth in England about 700,000 years ago, Fascinating Deaths from Radio Four is well worth a listen. (Not a podcast – you can only do it through the computer, and it doesn’t say how long the link will work for, but usually it is at least a week.)
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Australia has new draconian employment laws. One of the effects:

Unions will take legal action after workers were docked four hours’ pay for stopping work for 15 minutes to collect money for the family of an employee killed on a construction site.
The workers were docked for taking unprotected industrial action under the Government’s new workplace legislation.
CFMEU organiser Martin Kingham said about 25 workers stopped for up to 15 minutes last Friday to take up a collection for the family of building worker Christos Binos, 58, who was fatally crushed by a concrete slab in Melbourne last month.

The company says the law gives it no choice, and if it did not dock the pay, it could lose government contracts and be fined itself.

History Politics Science

Weekend reading

The BNP reveals its true colours:

The British National party was riven last night over its decision to select the grandson of an asylum seeker to fight a seat in next month’s local elections.
Sharif Abdel Gawad, whom the BNP describes as a “totally assimilated Greek-Armenian”, was chosen to stand in a Bradford ward as part of the party’s biggest ever electoral push.
The decision has provoked a backlash among BNP hardliners who described Mr Gawad as an “ethnic” who should be barred from the party on race grounds. One regional organiser responsible for the candidate’s selection is thought to be under pressure to resign. Another regional organiser is leading the dissent against the party leadership, saying it had betrayed the members and would confuse voters.

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We need to change back from a hydro-carbon economy to a cellulose economy. An interesting over-view of chemistry history. Really! I promise. e.g.:

The first plastic was a bioplastic. In the mid-19th century, a British billiard ball company determined that at the rate African elephants were being killed, the supply of ivory could soon be exhausted. The firm offered a handsome prize for a product with properties similar to ivory, yet derived from a more abundant raw material. Two New Jersey printers, John and Isaiah Hyatt, won the prize for a cotton-derived product dubbed collodion.
Ironically, collodion never made it as a billiard ball: The plastic, whose scientific name is cellulose nitrate, is more popularly known as guncotton, a mild explosive. When a rack of cellulose nitrate pool balls was broken, a loud pop often resulted. Confusion and casualties ensued in saloons where patrons were not only drinking but sometimes armed.

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Amazing how these things go missing, but a letter from the executioner of Louis XVI has just resurfaced.

An article in Thermomètre du Jour, a revolutionary journal, soon afterwards provoked Sanson’s response a month later.
Promising “the exact truth of what occurred”, he set out to contradict suggestions that Louis had to be led to the scaffold with a pistol at his temple, that he had let out a terrible cry and that he had been mutilated because the guillotine struck his head rather than his neck.
Sanson described how the King arrived at the place of execution in a horse and carriage and mounted the scaffold, stretching out his hands to be tied and asking whether the drums would continue beating.
Sanson wrote: “It was answered to him that no one knew and that was the truth. He mounted the scaffold and wanted to rush towards the front as though wanting to speak . . . He was again told that that was impossible; he then let himself be led to the place where he was tied up, and where he exclaimed very loudly, ‘People, I die innocent.’ Then, turning towards us, he told us, ‘Gentlemen, I am innocent of everything of which I am accused. I wish that my blood may be able to cement the happiness of the French’.”

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I’ve been debating modernism and postmodernism, and admit to some affection to art generally grouped in both categories, including that of Banksy, who demonstrates again that art can be both subversive and witty.