Category Archives: Politics

Early modern history Politics

Childish misdeeds through the ages

At the age of nine, Nehemiah Wallington and his step-brother Philip stole a shilling from their family’s parlour table, ran off to an alehouse in Finsbury Fields, and there spent the lot on cake and ale. “When I did come forth into the air, my head was light, and I fell over the rails into the fields, and I could not rise,”  he would later recall.
Two years earlier, the boys had been stealing carrots from the carts in Leadenhall Street on their way to school. Definitely a case for an Asbo, except we are talking very early in the 17th century, and these were no street urchins, but the sons of a respectable artisan, a woodturner.

I often find myself maintaining, against most of the rhetoric of politicians and the media, that kids are just kids, much as they’ve always been – the details of misbehaviour might have changed but the standard of it, could you find a neutral measure, remains about the same level.

And there’s some modern evidence for that, in a study this week that found the youth of today are actually better behaved than their parents were.

The research, by Colin Pritchard, of Bournemouth University’s Institute of Health and Community Studies, and Richard Williams, a social inclusion co-ordinator for the university, is published in the book Breaking the Cycle of Educational Alienation. They repeated a survey in 2005 that was originally conducted in 1985 with year 10 and 11 secondary students.

“The good news and, perhaps, unexpected, is that 2005 youngsters have less problematic behaviour than the 1985 cohort.”

But it won’t surprise you to hear this was not the details of the research that made most of the headlines – this was that girls are behaving “worse” than boys. The smoking, sex etc aren’t great news, but perhaps are an inevitable side-effect of girls getting mixed messages of empowerment and the repression of pressures to be “ladylike”, and their kicking against the latter.
(Account from P.S. Seaver Wallinton’s World: A Puritan Artisan in Seventeenth Century London, Metheun, 1985 p. 28 This has been on my “to read” list for some time – the Puritan religion gets a bit heavy, but it is a fascinating account of the rare survival of extensive papers from a person of this class. Unfortunately there are no female equivalents that I know of!)

Feminism

How to have, and not have, babies

Norway is now the richest country (in terms of GDP per capita) in the world. A good percentage of that money is going to maintain the living standards of women and children:

Another sign of contentment and economic security is the country’s fertility rate. Norwegian mothers have more children per head than anywhere else in Europe except Iceland and Ireland. Norway also has among the highest level of female participation in the workforce. Squaring the circle is maternity leave that stretches to 42 weeks on full pay.

There’s the answer, for all those keen to work out why Europe’s birth rate overall is so low.

America’s of course is not, but many of its pregnancies are less than good news. This is, it seems to me, an astonishing figure:

According to the Guttmacher Institute, a third of all U.S. girls become pregnant before they turn 20; 80 percent of them are unmarried.

U.S. teens are more likely to have sexual intercourse before age 15 and to become pregnant than teens in England and Wales, France and Sweden… The study also found that Western European teens are likelier to be in a committed relationship when they have sex. U.S. teens also have a higher rate of infection and STDs — due to lower condom use, according to the report.

What’s the difference? Religion and private medicine are probably the two main factors, I’d suggest.

Politics

Beware the ‘new’ Tories

A cautionary report from Matthew Parris in The Times about the “new” British Conservative Party:

“…point to something we may not have noticed: that we could be just a few years from a Cabinet in which the Prime Minister, the Foreign and Defence Secretaries and the Chancellor of the Exchequer, are to the right of Margaret Thatcher in their view of Britain’s place in the world.

Feminism

More of Australia’s shame

If, for selfish reasons, you were to choose who NOT to be born as, an Aboriginal woman in Australia – particularly in remote traditional communities – would probably be right up there.

This account is horrific (not for the sensitive) – the following quote is only one of the milder stories:

Rogers also detailed cases in which girls of 10 and 12 were handed over as “promised wives” to old men who took them away, with the permission of their family, and sexually assaulted them.

So what’s being done? A service for victims has been scrapped, and the federal government is suggesting a summit, which the Northern Territory government is planning not to attend.

Feminism

Women’s sport – the score is 1-1

Michelle Wie blazes on in golf:

On Monday she became the first female to be invited to play on the men’s European Tour; yesterday she became the first female to make it through the first qualifying stages for the men’s US Open event.

The Hawaiian can even claim to be the first female to win a professional men’s tournament as her level-par round of 72 at the Turtle Bay Resort on her home island of Oahu was the best score in the field of 40. It was a nerveless display as only three players went forward to final qualifying in New Jersey on 5 June.

Unsurprisingly she’s ruffling some feathers on the women’s professional tour (where she hasn’t yet won a tournament – but then again she is only 16). But I think she’s on the right track: if she’s going to compete with the men – with those who are the best – she’s got to do it right from the start, and match them all along the way.

And there are an awful lot of stereotypes about
women in sport that she could help to overcome; in Australia, Nadeene Latif, a weightlifter who won a medal at the Commonwealth Games, is finding schools are just not interested in having her visit. Why? She’s a weightlifter.

Latif, a 53 kilogram competitor and as petite as the former gymnast she once was, says it is not the issue of drugs in sport or the individual nature of weightlifting that turns the educators off. Teachers reckon girls do not want to know about weightlifting because they do not want to get big, she says. “The teachers tell me they don’t think the sport is appealing to the students, and that they believe they shouldn’t be doing it because of their physical development at this time [of puberty], but studies show this is when some weight bearing exercise is helpful.

Oddly enough, I think of all sports I might have done, weightlifting is the one that might have suited me best, had I been given the opportunity. I put on muscle very easily, and have a lot of strength in my arms and legs (even if endurance hasn’t ever been my thing). But I can imagine the hysterics that would have caused at my “ladies college”. My suggestion that we play football (soccer) was dismissed out of hand, even though as I pointed out, it was a far less dangerous sport than the hockey which was for some reason considered a proper “girls” game.

Environmental politics

Tony Blair’s would-be nuclear legacy

Why, oh why, should Tony Blair have last night come out in favour of nuclear power, effectively killing the yet-to-be-completed energy review of his own government? (Which follows a completed review of just two years ago that dismissed the option.)

Mr Blair’s spokesman said the prime minister was speaking after reading “a first cut” of the Department of Trade and Industry-led review on Monday. He said the country could not rely on one new source to meet the coming energy gap, pointing out that renewable energy, such as wind and solar power, had technical problems…. Mr Blair said: “Essentially, the twin pressures of climate change and energy security are raising energy policy to the top of the agenda in the UK and around the world.

First, to tackle the climate change side of the equation: this site illustrates with great clarity that nuclear energy is not a carbon-neutral option. Producing nuclear fuels, and building power stations, produces a great deal of it.

You can download a paper from that site that concludes:

The CO2 produced by the full nuclear life cycle is about one half to one third of an equivalent sized gas-fired power station. For low quality ores (less than 0.02% of U3O8 per tonne of ore), the CO2 produced by the full nuclear life cycle is EQUAL TO that produced by the equivalent gas-fired power station.

As for the “technical problems” – it is worth restating that most renewables are not “new” technology, particularly in the case of solar and wind. About 28 years ago in Australia, my family put a solar hot water heater on the house, which worked perfectly well, without any dramas at all, for the 14 or so years after that for which we continued to own the house.

Certainly both solar and wind power do not provide a steady supply, but there are ways of managing that; tidal and wave power, for example, are going to be predictable and can be intermixed with them.

And as the South-East of England is finding also with water, we might have to give up the expectation that you can just at any time use vast quantities of resources for no good purpose – which is why energy conservation is the other side of this equation.

So why did Mr Blair do this? Good question.

Perhaps it is partly an age thing – he is of the generation of the first nuclear power stations, which promised a magic cure of “free”, endless power (as we now knnow a myth). Plus, as a man at that stage of political career obsessed with “his legacy”, he likes the idea of a country dotted with huge, hideous, monuments to him.

As someone on BBC Radio Four said this morning, had the Emperor Claudius brought nuclear power to Britain with his Roman legions, the waste from his power plants would still be highly dangerous and have to be guarded and contained.

Some legacy.