Monthly Archives: January 2007

Early modern history

The language of William Tyndale

A passage you’ll recognise from William Tyndale’s English Bible, but it does some interesting things with gender:

“In the begynnynge was the worde, and the worde was with God: and the word was God. The same was in the begynnynge wyth God. All things were made by it and with out it was made nothinge that was made.”

By the time of King James, however, God had suddenly become male.

The disputes between Tyndale and Sir Thomas More yielded even more colourful language. Among their lost words:

“A gorbelly was a fat man, often to be found in a sottys hoffe, a drinking den, where he became sowe-drunke, and a nodypoll was a blockhead who was often apyssche, or fantastically foolish. A prym was a pretty girl, and a galyarde a high spirited young man, with an eye for caterwaywynge, lechery.”

From B. Moynahan, William Tyndale: If God Spare My Life. A Story of Martyrdom, Betrayal and the English Bible, p. 390, p. 192

I do like nodypoll – wonder if it could be resurrected?

Politics

Commuting your life away?

Over on Comment is Free I’ve got a piece about commuting inspired by a iPod advert showing a person “spirited away” by their music – their clothes sitting empty on a crowded train. It reminded me of the childhood incantation “don’t go wishing your life away”…

And yes I do really recommend the Ghanaian peanut chicken, should you have a chance to sample it!

Environmental politics Politics

Today’s reading

At home with the flu, feeling blah, but reading some interesting stuff so I don’t sleep the day away and then wake the night away…

  • Profligate use of carbon: the average Briton by the end of the day will have produced 0.21 tonnes of carbon dioxide since the start of the year – that’s the average used by people in the poorest countries such as Zambia. By Feburary 10, Britons will each on average have passed the output of carbon dioxide that they could emit for the year without increasing global warming.

    The report also says that strong economic growth in China and India means they are often wrongly labelled as the main culprits. While India has 16.8% of the world’s population it emits just 4.1% of the world’s carbon dioxide. Meanwhile, China is the world’s leader in solar power.

  • Children say divorce is better than arguing – one of those “well I’ve got a study that says the opposite” areas – but here’s one for this side of the argument.

    A poll of 2,000 adults and 350 children published today found that 80 per cent of 10 to 15-year-olds were “quite happy” or “very happy” with their family life. The same proportion said that things were “just as good” or “better” since the separation.
    Less than a third of the children (28 per cent) longed for their parents to get back together. An “end to the arguments” was cited as the greatest benefit of divorce by far.

  • Endangered Tower of London – Unesco is threatening to declare the world heritage site endangered because of all of the skyscrapers planned for the vicinity. (And that’s without mentioning the truly hideous glass curtain-walled monstrosity recently built directly opposite it!)

    These include the 306-metre-high “Shard of Glass” tower planned for London Bridge, which will be Britain’s tallest building. Although plans for a second tower, the 200-metre Minerva building, have been scaled down, two other proposed buildings, a 324-metre high Bishopsgate tower and a 209-metre building at 20 Fenchurch Street, have also raised alarm at Unesco.

  • “Killer probe” – a Nasa probe to Mars might have killed the life that it was looking for – hasn’t science fiction been here already?

    Prof Schulze-Makuch says that, given the cold dry conditions of Mars, life could have evolved with the internal fluid consisting of a mix of water and hydrogen peroxide.
    The Viking experiments of the 1970s would not have noticed alien hydrogen peroxide-based life and would have killed it by drowning and overheating the microbes, he claimed.

Environmental politics

An ecological success story from Italy

A small, traditionally poor area, the Cinque Terre is being transformed, apparently against the odds.

…so successful is it becoming, that in recent years the residents of Riomaggiore and the other hamlets strung out along the Ligurian coast have been enjoying a lifestyle their predecessors could only have dreamed of.
Courtesy of the National Park, they now receive free natural medicine, massage treatments and health screenings.
There is a free shopping service for elderly residents and subsidised child care for working parents. Cars are banned – replaced by electric buses.
It has become a farming utopia; a place where tourists and others from outside are in the front line of conservation.

Early modern history

Henry wasn’t just hard on wives

… but also on wildlife:

The Preservation of Grain Act, passed in 1532 by Henry VIII and strengthened by Elizabeth I in 1566, made it compulsory for every man, woman and child to kill as many creatures as possible that appeared on an official list of ‘vermin’. ‘Paradoxically, many of these creatures are today highly valued and given the full protection of the law,’ said Lovegrove.
The act was drawn up to counter food shortages and spread of disease caused by a series of bad harvests and a sharp rise in population. Henry VIII put a bounty on each creature, ranging from a penny for the head of a kite or a raven to 12 pence for a badger or a fox. These were considerable sums when the average agricultural wage was around four pence a day.

Feminism

A campaign has some effect…

Still no guarantees, but at least Azanin Fatehi, the 19-year-old Iranian sentenced to hang for defending herself against a would-be rapist, has a new trial, after an international outcry. But what this exposes about Iranian law is horrific.

…232,492 signatures have been delivered to the Iranian government, and a trust fund set up which has enabled Ms Fatehi to have access to one of the best lawyers in the country. The young woman’s sentence was stayed in June last year and a retrial ordered. The first stage of this was held last August, and the case continues on Wednesday. If it upholds the first verdict, it will need to be approved formally by Iran’s Supreme Court.
Under Iranian law, self-defence is a valid defence in a murder trial, but its application depends largely on the circumstances. Negar Azmudeh, a Canadian lawyer who has previously spoken out on Ms Fatehi’s case, said that the fact that she and her niece were in a park in the evening may have some bearing on whether the defence is considered valid.
Ms Azmudeh cited a case where a woman was prosecuted for injuring her boss as he tried to rape her at work: “Because she had showed up at work on a Friday [a weekend day in Iran] they could not claim ‘self-defence’ because her presence at the office on a Friday when she knew the boss was there constituted her ‘invitation’ to be raped.