I found myself musing on waking this morning, somewhat earlier than intended, on the appropriate collective noun for a collection of jackhammers: a “rattle of”, or a “pound of” perhaps?
Working nights has its advantages, but learning just how often they dig up the roads is not among them.
* Surely in litiguous America someone could sue to free a captive 16-year-old boy? Zach has been forced by his parents into a camp to “turn” him from gay to straight. Read the details – female inmates are forced to shave their underarms and legs twice a week. It is hard to think of a worse case of psychological child abuse.
* In Britain, liberty is being attacked by a “religious hatred” bill that will provide one particular set of beliefs with an astonishing degree of protection from criticism. (Replace “religion” with “communism” and see what you think … what’s the difference?) Ephems of BLB sets out the issue.
* There was a lot more to Helen Keller than her work with the blind, yet memories of her have become one-dimensional, a fate she shares with many other famous women, this article argues.
* It is very US-orientated, but then we are all “publishing” in the US, so this Legal Guide for Bloggers is well worth a read.
The problem with unpacking and sorting books is that it is so easy to get distracted.
(I’m supposed to be replacing a lightfitting just now, so that I can hoist up the left-over laminate boards to a shelf in the storeroom, but I just have to record this before I switch off the power …)
“The Committee are directed to investigate the circumstances under which Harriet Walters met her death, 12th June last, at the age of 17.
Her History as an Enamel Worker
She lived with her grandparents in rather poor circumstances at Sedgley. She entered the enamel works of Messrs Ralph & Jordan at Bilston, at the age of 16, in 1892, working as a brusher, and was there for six months.
From the foregoing Report it will be seen that the brushing department is the one where most danger exists in enamelling works.
The distance between her home and the enamelling works at Bilston is about three miles, which distance the girl had to walk in all weathers, in addition to which she had to stand practically all day, stooping over the plate upon which she was engaged, and brushing off this deleterious powder.
In January 1893 she entered Messrs Orme, Evans and Company’s works at Wolverhampton, where she also worked at brushing, the distance she had to work to and from her work being about the same as in her previous employment. Here she worked up to 5th June, on which day she felt so ill she asked the foreman to be allowed to go home. This she was permitted to do, and she accordingly walked back to Sedgley in the company of a fellow worker.
On the 6th she was first seen by Mr Ballenden, who attended her and prescribed for her until her death. This occurred rather suddenly on the 12th June…
The Committee’s Finding
The Committee agreed that she died of lead poisoning … They further believe that her death was accelerated by a persistence in the practice … of walking from Sedgley to Wolverhampton, a distance of three miles, without having tasted food, and of then working till the dinner hour, for, although the employers provided milk at one time, the milk was discontinued when the special rules were issued necessitating the supply of acid drink.
By this means the deceased got into a very low state of health, with great anaemia and constant want of appetite. The result was that, when attacked by lead poisoning, she had no reserve of health with which to resist it. Since the death of this girl the firm have recommenced the supply of milk at 11am….
The Committee found that the respirator in use at the time of Harriet Walter’s death was in reality a common handkerchief. It is probably that in the extreme heat of last May and June the younger and more inexperienced workers would take many opportunities of slipping these off.”
From: report from the Departmental Committee on the Various Lead Industries, C7239 (1983) pp. 20-21; P.P 1893/4, vol 17, reprinted in Human Documents of the Age of the Forsytes, E. Royston Pike, Victorian Book Club, Newton Abbot, 1972, pp. 258-9.
Those who lament compensation rights of today might like to ponder their importance.
Emily Hahn, on whom I posted yesterday, writes of a British Museum (library) reader she identifies only as Miss Stuart, who the writer saw on her first day at the museum (which must be late Twenties or very early Thirties).
“”She rode past me on a bicycle, through the opening in the great iron railings and across the courtyard …. She had a jaunty manner … but there was more than that to be noticed about Miss Stuart. On a cold, raw, dark day in January, in an era when women never wore bifurcated clothing for anything but the most drastic activities, she was attired in very short running shorts, a cotton sweater without sleeves, and socks … (p. 127)
After the war, Miss Stuart’s costume “is covered, winter and summer, by a frayed macintosh … and she now wears a hat as well – a thing like a basket pulled down over her straying, pepper-and-salt hair”.
And she has also got a bit strange …
Hahn is told another reader saw her spitting.
“She would spit on a page, then turn it over and spit on the next. She was very careful not to miss a single page…”
The book was Lives of the Popes, and when this neighbouring reader reported her an attendant came, saying: “Now Miss Stuart, you know you aren’t to do that. You’ve been told before.” As she was led away, Miss Stuart hissed “Papist spy” at the informant. (p. 136-7).
I don’t suppose anyone knows any more about “Miss Stuart”?
I’ve forgotten who pointed me to Emily Hahn, the 20th-century journalist and writer, but I’m very grateful they did, having just read No Hurry to Get Home, the collection of articles that forms her memoir.
I particularly identify with her, I think, because of her unconventional educational start: “Flushed with the glory and the triumph of my BSc., excited by the publicity which I received as the First Woman Graduate in Mining Engineering from the University of Wisconsin [this was 1926], and generally on top of the world, I completely forgot the reason for my acquiring that extraordinary diploma and actually took a job with a mining company.” p. 56 (She had ended up in that course only due to sheer bloodymindedness, when denied by bureaucracy the right to take chemistry as an arts major.)
Leaving that mining company, she drifted into a job stencilling cards in Santa Fe, before moving to New York in 1930, just in time for the Depression. Her roommate ended up pregnant, and I’ve not read a better account of the realities of the time …
“..she cried sharply:’Oh I wish I could! I wish I could go home right now!’
‘Then why don’t you?’
‘I can’t. I’m having a baby,’ said Kathy.
What she meant, and did not have to explain, was that she did not intend to have it; outside of books and movies, girls in her predicament never did. Both of us knew that much but very little more, except that the operation was illegal. We discussed possible ways and means at such length that Kathy got distressed to a greater extent, and when I said that we had to get in touch with Ivan she had hysterics and had to be helped to bed …
He found the abortionist, he supplied a part, at least, of the money and he even arranged to be at the apartment on the day of the operation, to make sure we got back all right – for I went with her of course. I can see now that it all must have been a considerable strain on him as well as Kathy, but at the same time, when we got back and found him drunk, I was not inclined to make allowances. I’d found it very difficult to get Kathy up the stairs and the sight of Ivan, staggering and foolish, was too much. Grimly I got her to bed. She was trembling, and rather green in the face.” (p. 119-120)
So far so relatively conventional, but then she was off to London, for a research job at the British Museum, where she found what seemed to be her natural base in the Reading Room, to which she always returned.
However, “A time arrived when I overdid things and strained the patience of even as permanent a spirit as the Reading Room’s, by staying away a full decade. It was 1946 when I returned that time, and I felt a nasty little shock as soon as I set foot in the entrance room. The Museum had changed. Dust was everywhere … Wooden supports held up the ceiling and there were rough screens barring the public [from bomb-damaged areas]…
Surely my permission to use the Reading Room would have lapsed, I thought, if only because the records had been scattered, so I went to the old office and asked for an application. The attendant, when I explained the situation, was hurt and surprised. ‘But Madam,’ he said,’if you already hold a card, all you need do is hand it in and we’ll issue you a new card.’
I said, ‘Alas I lost it. I know it was careless of me, but I was in China, you see, and what with the war and one thing and another -‘
‘Oh I quite understand,’ he said. His pleasantness did not relax one tittle. ‘In the circumstances, we’ll give you a new card even though you can’t turn in the old one…
He picked up an ancient ledger, blew off some dust, and opened it at the right letter …” (p.132-133)
But her real ambition was to go to the Congo, and that was where she went next, staying first with a (very odd) man she had met in Europe, whom she was forced to leave in something of a hurry …
“My departure was seemly enough, but I must admit it wasn’t well thought out. Details are awfully important in the Ituri, and in collecting supplies I neglected several important idem. I took no sugar, no butter and no other cooking fat of any sort because to get these rare commodities I would have had to ask Stewart to give me some. Except for these things, however, I had everything I needed; I was used to travelling light. To be sure I wasn’t very clear as to my immediate destination, but I knew that I wanted to go east and then south. I had come into the Congo from the west, and my overall aim was to cross Africa by way of Lake Kivu, which was southeast, at the border of Ruanda-Urundi. (p. 163)
She was strongly advised by the locals against the route, but .. “All this I ignored, because, in the Congo of those days, if you listened to local warnings you never got anything done. You had to possess a strong conceit. If you didn’t believe down to the marrow of your bones that you always knew best, and that Nature was sure to smile on your undertakings, whatever she might do to those of others, you would have to give up …” (p. 164)
She made it to Dar es Salaam, of course, where she horrified the British colonists by mixing with the Greeks, Argentines and others classified as “not white”.
Next, and to fit this all into one post, I have to rush, she went with her sister to Japan, then to Shanghai (where she became an opium addict – which she writes about in detail), then a prisoner of the Japanese in Hong Kong with her daughter – her husband by now (although she doesn’t talk about this) being the chrief British spy on the island.
This was the life of a girl from a conventional, if education-valuing, family from St Louis, Missouri. So when she came home from the Congo and her parents heard her arranging to go dancing with an old friend. She stops short at the look on her mother’s face …
“‘You’re calling for him?’ she demanded, shrilly incredulous.
‘You’re going into a public place, a hotel, and ask for a man? At the desk?’
My jaw dropped. For years I had been living on my own – sometimes without excitement, but more often on the verge of disaster, financial or otherwise. I looked at Mother; Mother looked at me. She also began to cry.
‘What will they think of you?’ she asked tragically. ‘Whatever will those people take you for?'”
Hahn changes her arrangements to avoid upsetting her mother, this time, but it beautifully illustrates how far and bravely she travelled – utterly inspiring stuff!
(My copy is Seal Press, 2000. The book was first published in 1970 under the title Times and Places, a Memoir.)
Having just reached the 10th weekly “femmes fatales” post, I thought I’d briefly reflect on the project.
Several posters have questioned the project of singling out women bloggers. On that I’m utterly unapologetic. Every new article I read about bloggers that mentions only men, (and perhaps adds a patronising note about “mommy bloggers”), not to mention the endless “where are all the women bloggers?” questions, make me think it is a good idea.
I set out aiming not to mention anyone more than once in the first ten collections, so I have now collected 100 women bloggers. Anyone who finds themself asking THE question could browse down the list below, and they’ll find women blogging on politics, science, history, philosophy, as well as more personal topics (not of course that those can’t also be emininently political).
So, the first 10 …
About